PROGRAM
09:00 – 09:20 Opening Session
09:20 – 10:00 Development of Grid Codes: Lessons Learnt, Future Trends And Possibilities, Guy Nicholson (Element Power, United Kingdom)
10:00 – 10:40 Moroccan Electricity Sector And ONEE Requirements For Wind Farms Connection to the Grid, Nourdine Lahjouji (ONEE, Morocco)
10:40 – 11:10 Coffee Break
11:10 – 11:50 The Spanish Grid Code, Konstantina Mentesidi (CENER, Spain)
11:50 – 12:30 Standardization In The Electro-technical Field – Renewable Energies, Alouz Issam (IMANOR, Morocco)
12:30 – 14:00 Lunch
14:30 – 15:10 Grid Codes For Renewable Energy, Harald Svendsen (SINTEF, Norway)
15:10 – 15:50 Grid-connected Photovoltaic Power Systems: Issue Of Harmonics, Rachid EL Bachtiri (USMBA, Morocco)
15:50 – 16:30 Cofee Break
16:30 – 17:00 Smart Energy Management Systems To Control The Intermittency Of Renewable Energies, Chady Kharrat (EDF store and forcast, France)
17:00 – 18:00 Discussion / Suggestions and Closing Remark
Abstracts
The Spanish Grid Code (Konstantina Mentesidi)
Abstract: The development of RES technologies and green energy solutions involves both the governmental incentives towards these installations, but also the appropriate regulatory framework where the connection requirements are summarised. Generally, grid codes are demonstrated to satisfy the operational limitations and ensure the system security. Each country has developed its own codes, since the power networks present different size, generation mix and wind energy potential.
As far as the technical recommendations for special regime generation are concerned, emphasis is rather paid on wind power plants, however only a few countries, like Spain Germany and Italy have elaborated technical requirements regarding PV installations. In Spain, grid codes that concern the wind power integration support that during faults wind turbines must continue being connected permitting the protection system to clear the fault. Wind power penetration at the distribution level mainly concerns local power inefficiencies. One of the major issues is to keep the steady-state nodal voltages within their acceptable limits (±5%). The Spanish System Operator, Red Electrica de España (REE), has numbered various technical specifications, like the Operation Procedure which was approved in October 2006 as “Requirements for response to voltage dips of production facilities under the special regime” (P.O.12.3)
However, a first draft of a new proposal, P.O.12.2, is launched in 2008 and then its updated version in 2010 under the title: “Technical requirements for wind power and photovoltaic installations and any generating facilities whose technology does not consist of a synchronous generator directly connected to the grid”. The updated text is not only orientated to wind but also to PV power plants with a capacity greater than 10 MW and differs from the previous calls in the voltage-time characteristic according to the type of fault, while it is in effect since 2011.
Moroccan Electricity Sector And ONEE Requirements For Wind Farms Connection to the Grid (LAHJOUJI Noureddine, ONEE, Morocco)
Abstract: The presentation will focus on three main parts namely:
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Part 1: This part will be devoted to the presentation of the electrical system, organization, key figures of the transport network and the means of production, achievements for 2014 and the means of production to meet demand for energy.
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The second part will be devoted to the presentation of the national program of renewable energy development and among others the national vision for renewable energy from 2010 to 2020 and give an idea on the progress achieved so far and projects planned for the period.
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The third part will be devoted to the requirements of ONEE for the connection of a power plant based on renewable energy.
Indeed, the massive penetration of renewable energy into the electric grid of several countries and regions has led transport system operators in the development of specific technical requirements for the connection of these means of production. These requirements are usually part of the "grid code" and they usually refer to large power plants based on renewable energy (wind farms, solar power ... etc.) Connected to the transmission system.
The new network codes stipulate that wind farms should contribute to power system control (frequency and voltage also) as much as conventional power stations, and also focus on the behavior of a wind farm under abnormal conditions operation of the network, as in the case of voltage drop resulting from faults occurring in the transmission system. Thus, in this workshop, the main requirements by ONEE for connecting renewable energy based products in the ONEE transport network will be presented from ONEE’s recent years’ experience, particularly for the connection of wind farms Akhfenir and Tarfaya to transmission system in the southern region of Morocco.
Communication title: Standardization in the electrotechnical field – Renewable energies (Alouz Issam, IMANOR, Morocco)
Abstract: Created under Law N°12-06 concerning standardization, certification and accreditation - B.O. N° 5822 dated 18 March 2010, The Moroccan Institute for Standardization (IMANOR) is a government institution in charge of the coordination of standardization activities at the national level. The policy of openness adopted by Morocco since the sixties was also followed by IMANOR with the development of many membership such in ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, AIDMO, SMIIC,….
IMANOR adopts the values of spirit of enterprise and public service, motivated by willingness to be a service to the development of the economy and society. Besides, being a bridge linking the Moroccan economy and international market conditions defined by standards and attested by certification, IMANOR is also supporting public policies establishing the rules for economic competition, protecting consumers, safeguarding the environment and improving living conditions
Since de creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the global community was aware of the role of standards in enhancing the quality of life and promoting the development of the international trade. Being developed under an open system (predefined procedure, all concerned parties have their word and opinion), standards are the most efficient tool to understand the requirements of the market and improve competitiveness, To monitor the quality of output and overcome associated risks, to be in advance in conforming to technical regulations,….
Standardization in the electrotechnical field is now being monitored by the Moroccan Electrotechnical Committee (COMELEC) at the national level which is a member of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). Till now, more than 1000 standards published by technical Committees working under the IMANOR rules. Even if the technical committee for renewable energies has published more than 120 standards covering this sector but we’re aware that there is so much to do and IMANOR and its partners are willing to support all initiatives that are in support of the Moroccan global energy plan.
The development of Grid Codes, lessons learnt, future trends and possibilities (Guy Nicholson MIET MEI CEng Grid Manager Element Power)
Abstract: The author has been involved as a renewable industry stakeholder in the development and implementation of Grid Codes for 30 years and will reflect on the development of Grid Codes, lessons learnt, future trends and possibilities. The presentation will examine the challenges of an increasingly diverse range of technologies and the growing impacts of renewable and distributed sources plus HVDC interconnections; reducing the dominance of synchronous machines and the challenges of managing reducing system inertia. The author will compare the options of Codes versus ancillary services to address the challenges ahead.
Grid codes for renewable energy (Harald Svendsen, SINTEF, Norway)
Abstract: The presentation will give an overview of grid integration activities within the EuroSunMed project, outlining particular challenges as well as possibilities with renewable energy integration. The European effort to integrate markets and harmonise grid codes will be described, and some observations and thoughts regarding the further development of grid codes will be made.
Smart Energy Management Systems to control the intermittency of renewable energies. (Chady Kharrat, EDF store and forcast, France)
Abstract: After a short presentation of EDF Store & Forecast and its industrial software products, I will focus on the achievements of the company in integrating PV and Wind energy into insular electric grids by coupling them with energy storage systems and using smart algorithms to control the overall response.
These achievements have been done with different system configurations : PV + battery, wind + battery, PV + pumped hydro storage, PV + battery + load shedding.
Each of these achievements has been realized according to specific grid codes and regulations that will be detailed in my talk.
Grid-connected photovoltaic power systems: issue of harmonics (Rachid EL Bachtiri, EST, Morocco)
Abstract: Photovoltaic systems are connected to distribution networks with inverters. These static power converters give a non sine voltage. Consequently they generate a lot of harmonics. Harmonics are sinusoidal components of voltage or current signals with the frequency equal to an integer multiple of fundamental frequency. High frequency harmonics that appear due to power semiconductors switching may reduce the quality of the electrical network and change performance of other electrical equipment as well result in increased heating in the equipment and conductors. Harmonics have also a negative influence on electrical machines (torque pulsations, overheating…).
With the grow of the PV systems penetration to the grid, the harmonic content increase. So, there is a risk to exceed the prescribed limits of voltage and frequency which is undesirable and unacceptable.
To attenuate harmonics, users can use passive filters, inductive reactors, phase-shifting transformers, active filters, or multi-pulse converter sections.